I-Mixer Truck Gears
Amaloli okuhlanganisa, aziwa nangokuthi izixube zikasimende noma zikasimende, ngokuvamile anezakhi ezimbalwa ezibalulekile namagiya abalulekile ekusebenzeni kwawo. La magiya asiza ekuhlanganiseni nasekuthutheni ukhonkolo ngendlela efanele. Nawa amanye amagiya amakhulu asetshenziswa emalolini okuxuba:
- Ukuxuba Isigubhu:Lena ingxenye eyinhloko yeloli le-mixer. Ijikeleza ngokuqhubekayo ngesikhathi sokuthutha ukuze igcine ingxube kakhonkolo ingaqini. Ukuzungezisa kunikezwa amandla amamotho asebenza ngaphansi kwamanzi noma ngezinye izikhathi injini yeloli ngohlelo lokusuka kwamandla (PTO).
- Uhlelo lweHydraulic:Amaloli e-Mixer asebenzisa amasistimu we-hydraulic ukuze anike amandla imisebenzi ehlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukujikeleza kwesigubhu sokuxuba, ukusebenza kwe-chute yokukhipha, nokuphakamisa noma ukwehlisa isigubhu sokuxuba ukuze silayishe futhi silayishwe. Amaphampu kagesi, izinjini, amasilinda, namavalvu kuyizingxenye ezibalulekile zalolu hlelo.
- Ukudluliswa:Uhlelo lokudlulisa amandla lunomthwalo wokudlulisa amandla enjinini awayise emasondweni. Amaloli e-Mixer ngokuvamile ane-heavy-duty transmissions eklanyelwe ukuphatha umthwalo futhi anikeze i-torque edingekayo yokuhambisa imoto, ikakhulukazi uma ilayishwe ukhonkolo.
- Injini:Amaloli e-Mixer afakwe izinjini ezinamandla ukuze anikeze amandla adingekayo amahhashi okuthutha imithwalo esindayo nokusebenzisa amasistimu asebenza ngamanzi. Lezi zinjini zivame ukusebenza ngodizili ngenxa ye-torque yazo kanye nokusebenza kahle kukaphethiloli.
- Umehluko:I-different gear assembly ivumela amasondo ukuthi ajike ngesivinini esihlukene ngenkathi ejika amakhona. Lokhu kubalulekile ekugcineni uzinzo kanye nokuvimbela ukuguga kwamasondo emalolini okuxuba, ikakhulukazi lapho uzulazula ezindaweni eziqinile noma indawo engalingani.
- I-Drivetrain:Izingxenye ze-drivetrain, okuhlanganisa ama-ekseli, ama-driveshaft, nama-differents, zisebenza ndawonye ukuze zidlulisele amandla enjinini aye emasondweni. Emalolini okuxuba, lezi zingxenye zakhelwe ukumelana nemithwalo esindayo futhi zinikeze ukusebenza okuthembekile.
- Ithangi lamanzi kanye nephampu:Amaloli amaningi okuxuba anethangi lamanzi kanye nesistimu yepompo yokwengeza amanzi kungxube kakhonkolo ngesikhathi sokuxutshwa noma ukuhlanza isigubhu sokuxuba ngemva kokusetshenziswa. Iphampu yamanzi ivamise ukunikwa amandla yi-hydraulic noma injini kagesi.
Lawa magiya kanye nezingxenye zisebenza ndawonye ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi amaloli axuba angakwazi ukuxuba, ukuthutha, futhi akhiphe ukhonkolo ngempumelelo ezindaweni zokwakha. Ukugcinwa njalo nokuhlolwa kwala magiya kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuphephile nokusebenza kahle.
Amagiya Ezitshalo Ahlanganisayo Kakhonkolo
Isitshalo sokuhlanganisa ukhonkolo, esaziwa nangokuthi isitshalo sokuxuba ukhonkolo noma isitshalo sokuhlanganisa ukhonkolo, isikhungo esihlanganisa izithako ezahlukahlukene ukwenza ukhonkolo. Lezi zitshalo zisetshenziswa kumaphrojekthi wokwakha amakhulu lapho kudingeka khona ukunikezwa okuqhubekayo kokhonkolo lwekhwalithi ephezulu. Nazi izingxenye ezibalulekile nezinqubo ezihilelekile esitshalweni esijwayelekile sokuhlanganisa ukhonkolo:
- Imigqomo Ehlanganisiwe:Le migqomo igcina izinhlobo ezahlukene zokuhlanganisa njengesihlabathi, amatshe, namatshe agayiwe. Ama-aggregate ahlukaniswa ngokusekelwe ekwakhiweni kwengxube edingekayo bese ekhishwa ebhandeni lokuthutha ukuze ahanjiswe kuyunithi yokuxuba.
- I-Conveyor Belt:Ibhande lokuthutha lithutha ama-aggregate ukusuka emigqonyeni ehlanganisiwe kuya kuyunithi yokuxuba. Iqinisekisa ukunikezwa okuqhubekayo kwama-aggregates enqubo yokuxuba.
- Izisele zikasimende:Usimende wesitolo sezinqola zikasimende ngobuningi benqwaba. Usimende uvamise ukugcinwa kuma-silo anezinhlelo zokungenisa umoya nokulawula ukugcina ikhwalithi kasimende. Usimende ukhishwa kuma-silo ngokusebenzisa ama-pneumatic noma ama-screw conveyors.
- Isitoreji Samanzi Namathangi Okwengeza:Amanzi ayisithako esibalulekile ekukhiqizeni ukhonkolo. Izitshalo zokuhlanganisa ukhonkolo zinamathangi okugcina amanzi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukutholakala kwamanzi okuqhubekayo ngenqubo yokuhlanganisa. Ukwengeza, amathangi engeziwe angase afakwe ukuze kugcinwe futhi kukhishwe izithasiselo ezihlukahlukene ezifana nezixube, ama-ejenti ombala, noma imicu.
- Izisetshenziswa zokuhlanganisa:Izinto zokuhlanganisa, ezifana nezinsimbi zokukala, izikali, namamitha, zikala ngokunembile futhi zikhiphe izithako kuyunithi yokuxuba ngokuya ngedizayini eshiwo yokuhlanganisa. Izitshalo zesimanje zokuhlanganisa ngokuvamile zisebenzisa amasistimu okulawula ekhompuyutha ukuze enze le nqubo ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi aqinisekise ukunemba.
- Iyunithi Yokuxuba:Iyunithi yokuxuba, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-mixer, yilapho izithako ezihlukahlukene zihlanganiswa khona ukwenza ukhonkolo. I-mixer ingaba i-drum mixer enganyakazi, i-twin-shaft mixer, noma i-planetary mixer, kuye ngokuthi isitshalo siklanywe kanjani namandla akhe. Inqubo yokuxuba iqinisekisa ukuxutshwa okuphelele kwama-aggregate, usimende, amanzi, nezithasiselo ukuze kukhiqizwe ingxube kakhonkolo ye-homogeneous.
- Uhlelo Lokulawula:Isistimu yokulawula yengamela futhi ilawula yonke inqubo yokuhlanganisa. Iqapha izilinganiso zezithako, ilawula ukusebenza kwamaconveyors nezixube, futhi iqinisekise ukuvumelana kanye nekhwalithi kakhonkolo okhiqizwayo. Izitshalo zesimanje zokuhlanganisa zivame ukufaka izinhlelo ezithuthukisiwe zokulawula ikhompuyutha ukuze zisebenze kahle futhi zinembile.
- I-Batch Plant Control Room: Yilapho opharetha beqapha futhi balawule inqubo yokuhlanganisa. Ngokujwayelekile igcina isixhumi esibonakalayo sesistimu yokulawula, okokusebenza kokuqapha, nama-opharetha aduduzayo.
Izitshalo zokuhlanganisa ukhonkolo ziza ngokucushwa namakhono ahlukahlukene ukuze zivumelane nezidingo zephrojekthi ehlukene. Badlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuhlinzekwa ngesikhathi kukakhonkolo osezingeni eliphezulu kumaphrojekthi wokwakha, kusukela ezakhiweni zokuhlala kuya ekuthuthukisweni kwengqalasizinda emikhulu. Ukusebenza kahle nokugcinwa kwezitshalo zokuhlanganisa kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukukhiqizwa okungaguquki kokhonkolo kanye nempumelelo yephrojekthi.
Amagiya e-Excavators
Ama-excavators ayimishini eyinkimbinkimbi eyenzelwe ukumba, ukubhidliza, neminye imisebenzi yokunyakazisa umhlaba. Basebenzisa amagiya ahlukahlukene kanye nezingxenye zemishini ukufeza ukusebenza kwabo. Nawa amanye amagiya abalulekile kanye nezingxenye ezivame ukutholakala kuma-excavators:
- Uhlelo lweHydraulic:Ama-excavators athembele kakhulu kumasistimu asebenzisa amanzi ukuze anike amandla ukunyakaza nokunamathiselwe kwawo. Amaphampu, izinjini, amasilinda, namavalvu asebenza ngogesi alawula ukusebenza kwe-boom, ingalo, ibhakede, nokunye okunamathiselwe kwe-excavator.
- Igiya le-Swing:Igiya lokujingisa, elaziwa nangokuthi i-slew ring noma i-swing bear, iyigiya elikhulu eliyindandatho elivumela isakhiwo esingaphezulu se-excavator ukuthi sijikeleze ama-degree angu-360 ku-undercariage. Ishayelwa ama-hydraulic motors futhi ivumela opharetha ukuthi abeke indawo yomgodi wokumba noma wokulahla izinto kunoma iyiphi indlela.
- Landelela iDrayivu:Ama-excavators ngokuvamile anamathrekhi esikhundleni samasondo okuhamba. Uhlelo lwe-track drive luhlanganisa ama-sprockets, amathrekhi, ama-idler, nama-roller. Ama-sprocket asebenzisana namathrekhi, futhi ama-hydraulic motors ashayela amathrekhi, okuvumela i-excavator ukuthi ihambe ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene.
- Ukudluliswa:Abavubukuli bangase babe nesistimu yokudlulisa amandla edlulisa amandla esuka enjinini iye kumaphampu namamotho asebenza ngamanzi. Ukudluliswa kuqinisekisa ukulethwa kwamandla okushelelayo kanye nokusebenza kahle kwesistimu ye-hydraulic.
- Injini:Ama-excavators anikwa amandla yizinjini zikadizili, ezihlinzeka ngamandla adingekayo ukuze kusetshenziswe uhlelo lwe-hydraulic, amathrekhi okushayela, nezinye izakhi. Injini ingase ibe ngemuva noma ngaphambili kwe-excavator, kuye ngokuthi imodeli.
- Ikhebhu nezilawuli:Ikhebhu yomsebenzisi igcina izilawuli nezinsimbi zokusebenzisa i-excavator. Amagiya afana nezinti zokujabula, amaphedali, namaswishi avumela opharetha ukuthi alawule ukunyakaza kwe-boom, ingalo, ibhakede, neminye imisebenzi.
- Ibhakede nezinanyathiselwa:Ama-excavators angase afakwe izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene nosayizi bamabhakede okumba, kanye nokunamathiselwe okufana nokubambana, izando ezisebenza nge-hydraulic, nezithupha zemisebenzi ekhethekile. Ama-couplers asheshayo noma ama-hydraulic systems avumela ukunamathiselwa kalula nokuhlukaniswa kwalawa mathuluzi.
- Izingxenye ze-Undercarriage:Ngokungeziwe kusistimu yokushayela amathrekhi, abembayo banezingxenye ze-undercarriage ezifana nama-tension tension, ama-track frame, nezicathulo zethrekhi. Lezi zingxenye zisekela isisindo se-excavator futhi zinikeza ukuzinza ngesikhathi sokusebenza.
Lawa magiya kanye nezingxenye zisebenza ndawonye ukuze i-excavator ikwazi ukwenza imisebenzi eminingi ngendlela efanele nangempumelelo. Ukugcinwa nokuhlolwa okuvamile kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle nokuphila isikhathi eside kwabavubukuli ezindaweni zokusebenza ezinzima.
Amagiya e-Tower Crane
I-Tower cranes iyimishini eyinkimbinkimbi esetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo ezide nezakhiwo. Nakuba bengawasebenzisi amagiya esintu ngendlela efanayo nezimoto zezimoto noma imishini yezimboni, bathembele ezinhlobonhlobo zezindlela nezingxenye ukuze zisebenze ngempumelelo. Nazi ezinye izinto ezibalulekile ezihlobene nokusebenza kwama-cranes ombhoshongo:
- I-Slewing Gear:Okhreyini bemibhoshongo bagibele phezu kombhoshongo ome mpo, futhi bangazungeza (babulale) ngokuvundlile ukuze bafinyelele ezindaweni ezihlukene zesiza sokwakha. Igiya lokushuba liqukethe igiya elikhulu eliyiringi kanye negiya lephinikhodi elishayelwa yinjini. Lesi simiso segiya sivumela i-crane ukuthi ijikeleze kahle futhi inembile.
- I-Hoisting Mechanism:I-Tower cranes inomshini wokuphakamisa ophakamisa futhi wehlise imithwalo esindayo usebenzisa intambo yocingo kanye nesigubhu sokuphakamisa. Nakuba kungewona amagiya aqinile, lezi zingxenye zisebenza ndawonye ukuze zikhuphule futhi zehlise umthwalo. I-hoisting mechanism ingase ihlanganise i-gearbox yokulawula isivinini kanye ne-torque yomsebenzi wokuphakamisa.
- I-Trolley Mechanism:Okhrayini bemibhoshongo bavame ukuba nendlela yetroli ehambisa umthwalo ngokuvundlile eduze kwe-jib (i-boom evundlile). Le mishini ngokuvamile iqukethe injini yetroli kanye nesistimu yegiya evumela ukuthi umthwalo ubekwe kahle eduze kwejib.
- I-Counterweights:Ukugcina ukuzinza nokulinganisela ngenkathi uphakamisa imithwalo esindayo, ama-tower cranes asebenzisa ama-counterweights. Lezi zivame ukufakwa ku-counter-jib ehlukile futhi zingalungiswa njengoba kudingeka. Nakuba kungewona amagiya ngokwawo, ama-counterweights adlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kwakho konke kwe-crane.
- Isistimu yokubhuleka:I-Tower cranes ifakwe ama-braking systems ukulawula ukuhamba komthwalo kanye nokujikeleza kwe-crane. Lezi zinhlelo zivame ukufaka izindlela eziningi zamabhuleki, njengamabhuleki ediski noma amabhuleki ezigubhu, ezingase zisetshenziswe ngamanzi noma ngomshini.
- Amasistimu okulawula:Ama-cranes ombhoshongo asetshenziswa ekhabetheni eliseduze naphezulu kombhoshongo. Amasistimu okulawula afaka izinti zokujabula, izinkinobho, nokunye ukuxhumana okuvumela opharetha ukuthi alawule ukunyakaza nemisebenzi ye-crane. Nakuba kungewona amagiya, lezi zinhlelo zokulawula zibalulekile ekusebenzeni okuphephile nokusebenza kahle kwe-crane.
Yize ama-tower cranes engawasebenzisi amagiya endabuko ngendlela efanayo nezinye izinhlobo zemishini, athembele kumasistimu amagiya ahlukahlukene, izinto ezisetshenziswayo, kanye nezingxenye ukwenza imisebenzi yawo yokuphakamisa nokubeka ngokunemba nangokuphepha.
Eminye Imishini yokwakha lapho Belon Gears
