I i-gear shaftingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu esekelayo nezungezayo emishinini yokwakha, ekwazi ukubona ukunyakaza kokujikeleza kweamagiyanezinye izakhi, futhi ingadlulisela itorque namandla ebangeni elide. Inezinzuzo zokusebenza kahle kokudlulisela phambili, impilo ende yesevisi kanye nesakhiwo esihlangene. Isetshenziswe kabanzi futhi isiyingxenye yezingxenye eziyisisekelo zokudluliswa kwemishini yokwakha. Njengamanje, ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo komnotho wasekhaya kanye nokunwetshwa kwengqalasizinda, kuzoba negagasi elisha lesidingo semishini yokwakha. Ukukhethwa kwempahla ye-shaft yegiya, indlela yokwelapha ukushisa, ukufakwa nokulungiswa kwemishini yokulungisa imishini, imingcele yenqubo ye-hobbing, kanye nokudla konke kubaluleke kakhulu kwikhwalithi yokucubungula kanye nempilo ye-shaft yegiya. Leli phepha lenza ucwaningo oluthile ngobuchwepheshe bokucutshungulwa kwe-shaft yegiya emshinini wokwakha ngokuya ngomkhuba wawo, futhi liphakamisa ukwakheka okuhambisanayo kokuthuthukiswa, okunikeza ukwesekwa okuqinile kwezobuchwepheshe ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe bokucubungula bomshini wegiya lobunjiniyela.

Ukuhlaziywa kobuchwepheshe bokucubungula weI-Gear ShafteMishini Yokwakha

Ukuze kube lula ucwaningo, leli phepha likhetha i-shaft yegiya yokufaka yakudala emishinini yokwakha, okungukuthi, izingxenye zeshaft ezinyathelwe ezijwayelekile, ezakhiwe ngama-splines, indawo eyindilinga, indawo eyi-arc, amahlombe, imisele, imisele, amagiya nokunye okuhlukile. amafomu. Indawo yeJiyomethri kanye nokwakheka kwebhizinisi lejometri. Izidingo ezinembayo zemishini yamagiya ngokuvamile ziphakeme kakhulu, futhi ubunzima bokucubungula bukhulu kakhulu, ngakho-ke ezinye izixhumanisi ezibalulekile enqubweni yokucubungula kufanele zikhethwe kahle futhi zihlaziywe, njengezinto zokwakha, i-splines yangaphandle, amabhentshimakhi, ukucutshungulwa kwephrofayili yezinyo, ukwelashwa kokushisa. , njll. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi nezindleko zokucubungula ze-shaft yegiya, izinqubo ezihlukahlukene ezibalulekile ekucubungulweni kwe-shaft yegiya zihlaziywa ngezansi.

Ukukhetha impahla yei-gear shaft

Amagiya shaft emishinini yokudlulisa ngokuvamile enziwa ngensimbi engu-45 ngensimbi yekhwalithi ephezulu yekhabhoni, 40Cr, 20CrMnTi kunsimbi yengxubevange, njll. Ngokuvamile, ihlangabezana nezidingo zamandla zezinto ezibonakalayo, futhi ukumelana nokugqokwa kuhle, futhi intengo ifanelekile. .

Ubuchwepheshe bokwenza imishini ye i-gear shaft

Ngenxa yezidingo eziphakeme zamandla we-gear shaft, ukusetshenziswa kwensimbi eyindilinga yomshini oqondile kudla izinto eziningi kanye nomsebenzi, ngakho-ke ama-forging avame ukusetshenziswa njengezikhala, futhi ukubumba kwamahhala kungasetshenziswa kuma-shaft amagiya anamasayizi amakhulu; Fa forgings; ngezinye izikhathi amanye amagiya amancane angenziwa abe into engenalutho ehlangene ne-shaft. Ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza okungenalutho, uma i-forging blank iyi-forging yamahhala, ukucubungula kwayo kufanele kulandele indinganiso ye-GB/T15826; uma okungenalutho kuwukuqamba okufayo, isibonelelo sokusebenza kufanele silandele indinganiso yesistimu ye-GB/T12362. Ukufoga izikhala kufanele kuvimbele ukubumba amaphutha okufana nokusanhlamvu okungalingani, ukuqhekeka, nokuqhekeka, futhi kufanele kuhlolwe ngokuhambisana namazinga afanele kazwelonke wokuhlola ukukhohlisa.

Ukwelashwa kokushisa kokuqala kanye nenqubo yokuguqula izikhala

Izikhala ezinamagiya amaningi ngokuvamile ziyinsimbi yekhwalithi ephezulu ye-carbon structural nensimbi ye-alloy. Ukuze kwandiswe ubulukhuni bezinto ezibonakalayo futhi kube lula ukucutshungulwa, ukwelashwa kokushisa kusebenzisa ukwelashwa kokushisa okujwayelekile, okungukuthi: inqubo yokujwayelekile, izinga lokushisa elingu-960 ℃, ukupholisa komoya, kanye nenani lobulukhuni lihlala li-HB170-207. Ukwelashwa kokushisa okuvamile kungase kube nomthelela wokucwenga okusanhlamvu okukhangayo, ukwakheka kwekristalu okufanayo, nokuqeda ingcindezi yokubumba, okubeka isisekelo sokwelashwa kokushisa okulandelayo.

Inhloso eyinhloko yokuphenduka okungalungile ukusika isibonelelo somshini endaweni engenalutho, futhi ukulandelana komshini kwendawo eyinhloko kuncike ekukhethweni kwereferensi yokumisa ingxenye. Izici zezingxenye ze-gear shaft ngokwazo kanye nezidingo zokunemba kwendawo ngayinye zithintwa ireferensi yokuma. Izingxenye ze-gear shaft zivame ukusebenzisa i-eksisi njengereferensi yokuma, ukuze ireferensi ihlanganiswe futhi ihambisane nereferensi yokuklama. Emkhiqizweni wangempela, indilinga yangaphandle isetshenziswa njengereferensi yokuma okumaholo, izimbobo eziphezulu kuzo zombili iziphetho ze-shaft yegiya zisetshenziswa njengereferensi yokunemba kokuma, futhi iphutha lilawulwa ngaphakathi kwe-1/3 kuya ku-1/5 yephutha le-dimensional. .

Ngemuva kokwelashwa kokushisa okulungiselelayo, okungenalutho kuyaphendulwa noma kugaywe kuzo zombili iziphetho (ziqondaniswe ngokuya ngomugqa), bese kumakwa izimbobo ezimaphakathi emikhawulweni yomibili, bese kubhojwa izimbobo ezimaphakathi kuzo zombili iziphetho, bese kuba yindilinga yangaphandle. kungaba rough.

Ubuchwepheshe Bemishini Yokuqeda Umbuthano Wangaphandle

Inqubo yokuguqula kahle imi kanje: umbuthano wangaphandle uphendulwe kahle ngesisekelo sezimbobo eziphezulu kuzo zombili iziphetho ze-gear shaft. Enqubweni yangempela yokukhiqiza, ama-gear shafts akhiqizwa ngamaqoqo. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kokucubungula kanye nekhwalithi yokucubungula yama-shafts wegiya, ukuphenduka kwe-CNC kuvame ukusetshenziswa, ukuze ikhwalithi yokucubungula yazo zonke izinto zokusebenza ilawulwe ngohlelo, futhi ngasikhathi sinye, kuqinisekisiwe Ukusebenza kahle kokucubungula i-batch. .

Izingxenye eziqediwe zingacinywa futhi zincishiswe ngokuya ngendawo yokusebenza kanye nezidingo zobuchwepheshe zezingxenye, okungaba isisekelo sokucinywa kwe-surface okulandelayo kanye nokwelashwa kwe-surface nitriding, futhi kunciphise ukuguquguquka kokwelashwa kwendawo. Uma umklamo ungadingi ukwelashwa kokucisha nokushisa, ungangena ngokuqondile kunqubo yokubhoboza.

I-Machining Technology ye-Gear Shaft Tooth ne-Spline

Ohlelweni lokudlulisela lwemishini yokwakha, amagiya nama-splines yizinto ezibalulekile zokudlulisa amandla netorque, futhi zidinga ukunemba okuphezulu. Amagiya ngokuvamile asebenzisa ukunemba kwebanga lesi-7-9. Kumagiya anembayo yebanga lesi-9, kokubili abasiki begiya kanye nabasiki bokubumba amagiya bangahlangabezana nezidingo zamagiya, kodwa ukunemba komshini wabasiki begiya kuphakeme kakhulu kunokubunjwa kwegiya, futhi kuyafana nangokusebenza kahle; Amagiya adinga ukunemba kwebanga lesi-8 angashiswa noma ashefe kuqala, bese acutshungulwa ngamazinyo e-truss; kumagiya ebanga lesi-7 anembe kakhulu, izindlela ezihlukene zokucubungula kufanele zisetshenziswe ngokuya ngosayizi weqoqo. Uma kuyiqoqo elincane noma ucezu olulodwa Ukuze kukhiqizwe, lingacutshungulwa ngokuya nge-hobbing (grooving), bese kuthi ngokushisa okuphansi kwe-high-frequency induction kanye nokucisha kanye nezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezingaphezulu, futhi ekugcineni ngenqubo yokugaya ukuze kuzuzwe izidingo zokunemba. ; uma kuwukucutshungulwa kwezinga elikhulu, okokuqala kubhidwe, bese kushefa. , bese kuba ukushisa kwe-induction ye-high-frequency kanye nokucisha, futhi ekugcineni ukucija. Kumagiya anezidingo zokucisha, kufanele acutshungulwe ezingeni eliphezulu kuneleveli yokunemba kwemishini edingwa imidwebo.

Ama-splines we-gear shaft ngokuvamile anezinhlobo ezimbili: ama-splines angama-rectangular kanye ne-involute splines. Kuma-splines anezidingo zokunemba okuphezulu, amazinyo aginqikayo namazinyo okugaya asetshenziswa. Njengamanje, i-involute splines isetshenziswa kakhulu emkhakheni wemishini yokwakha, ene-engeli yokucindezela engu-30°. Kodwa-ke, ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula i-splines ye-shaft ye-gear-scale bunzima futhi budinga umshini wokugaya okhethekile wokucubungula; ukucubungula i-batch encane kungasebenzisa I-indexing plate icutshungulwa uchwepheshe okhethekile onomshini wokugaya.

Ingxoxo Nge-Tooth Surface Carburizing noma Ubuchwepheshe Bokucisha Indawo Ebalulekile Yokwelapha

Ingaphezulu le-shaft yegiya kanye nobubanzi bobubanzi be-shaft obubalulekile ngokuvamile kudinga ukwelashwa okungaphezulu, futhi izindlela zokwelashwa ezingaphezulu zifaka ukwelashwa kwe-carburizing kanye nokucisha indawo. Inhloso yokuqiniswa kwendawo kanye nokwelashwa kwe-carburizing ukwenza indawo ye-shaft ibe nobulukhuni obuphakeme kanye nokumelana nokugqoka. Amandla, ukuqina kanye nepulasitiki, ngokuvamile amazinyo e-spline, ama-grooves, njll. awadingi ukwelashwa okungaphezulu, futhi adinga ukucutshungulwa okwengeziwe, ngakho-ke sebenzisa upende ngaphambi kokungcwatshwa kwe-carburizing noma ukucisha ubuso, ngemva kokuqedwa kokwelashwa okungaphezulu, thepha kancane bese uyawa, ukucisha ukwelashwa kufanele. qaphela ithonya lezici ezifana nokulawula izinga lokushisa, isivinini sokupholisa, i-cool medium, njll. Ngemva kokucisha, hlola ukuthi igobile noma ikhubazekile. Uma i-deformation inkulu, idinga ukucindezelwa futhi ibekwe ukuze ikhubaze futhi.

Ukuhlaziywa Kokugaya Imbobo Emaphakathi kanye Nezinye Izinqubo Ezibalulekile Zokuqeda Ubuso

Ngemuva kokuthi i-shaft yegiya selashwe phezulu, kuyadingeka ukuthi ugaye izimbobo eziphezulu emikhawulweni yomibili, futhi usebenzise indawo engaphansi njengesithenjwa esihle sokugaya ezinye izindawo ezibalulekile zangaphandle nobuso bokugcina. Ngokufanayo, usebenzisa izimbobo ezingaphezulu kuzo zombili iziphetho njengereferensi enhle, qedela ukulungisa izindawo ezibalulekile eduze nendawo kuze kube yilapho izidingo zomdwebo zifinyelelwa.

Ukuhlaziywa Kwenqubo Yokuphothula Yendawo Yamazinyo

Ukuqedwa kwendawo yezinyo nakho kuthatha izimbobo eziphezulu kuzo zombili iziphetho njengereferensi yokuqeda, futhi kugaye indawo yezinyo nezinye izingxenye kuze kube yilapho izidingo zokunemba zifinyelelwa ekugcineni.

Ngokuvamile, umzila wokucutshungulwa kwamagiya emishini yokwakha yile: ukuvala, ukubumba, ukujwayela, ukuphenduka okungalungile, ukujika kahle, ukugoqa amaholo, ukugaya kahle, ukugaya, ukuchithwa kwe-spline, ukucisha noma ukungcwatshwa kwe-carburizing, ukugaya imbobo emaphakathi, indawo ebalulekile yangaphandle kanye qeda ukugaya ubuso Imikhiqizo yokugaya yendawo ebalulekile yangaphandle eduze nendawo ephendukayo iyahlolwa bese ifakwa endaweni yokugcina.

Ngemuva kwesifinyezo sokusebenza, umzila wenqubo yamanje kanye nezidingo zenqubo ye-shaft yegiya njengoba kukhonjisiwe ngenhla, kodwa ngokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yesimanje, izinqubo ezintsha nobuchwepheshe obusha buyaqhubeka nokuvela futhi busebenza, futhi izinqubo ezindala zithuthukiswa ngokuqhubekayo futhi zisetshenziswe. . Ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula nabo buhlala bushintsha.

Ekuphetheni

Ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula we-gear shaft bunomthelela omkhulu kwikhwalithi ye-gear shaft. Ukulungiswa kobuchwepheshe be-shaft yegiya ngalinye kunobudlelwano obubaluleke kakhulu nesikhundla sawo kumkhiqizo, umsebenzi wawo kanye nokuma kwezingxenye zawo ezihlobene. Ngakho-ke, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yokucubungula ye-gear shaft, Ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula obufanele budinga ukuthuthukiswa. Ngokusekelwe ekuhlangenwe nakho kwangempela kokukhiqiza, leli phepha lenza ukuhlaziya okuthile kobuchwepheshe bokucubungula we-gear shaft. Ngengxoxo eningiliziwe yokukhethwa kwezinto zokucubungula, ukwelashwa kwendawo, ukwelashwa kokushisa kanye nobuchwepheshe bokucubungula ukusika kwe-gear shaft, ifingqa umkhuba wokukhiqiza ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yokucubungula kanye nomshini we-shaft yegiya. Ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula obulungile ngaphansi kwesimo sokusebenza kahle buhlinzeka ngosekelo olubalulekile lobuchwepheshe ekucutshungulweni kwama-shafts egiya, futhi buhlinzeka ngereferensi enhle yokucubungula eminye imikhiqizo efanayo.