I umgodi wegiyaingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yokusekela nokujikeleza emishinini yokwakha, engafeza ukunyakaza okujikelezayo kweamagiyanezinye izingxenye, futhi ingadlulisela i-torque namandla ebangeni elide. Inezinzuzo zokusebenza kahle kokudlulisa, impilo yesevisi ende kanye nesakhiwo esincane. Isetshenziswe kabanzi futhi isibe yinye yezingxenye eziyisisekelo zokudlulisa imishini yokwakha. Njengamanje, ngentuthuko esheshayo yomnotho wasekhaya kanye nokwanda kwengqalasizinda, kuzoba negagasi elisha lesidingo semishini yokwakha. Ukukhethwa kwezinto ze-gear shaft, indlela yokwelashwa kokushisa, ukufakwa kanye nokulungiswa kwe-machining fixture, amapharamitha enqubo ye-hobbing, kanye ne-feed konke kubaluleke kakhulu kwikhwalithi yokucubungula kanye nokuphila kwe-gear shaft. Leli phepha lenza ucwaningo oluthile ngobuchwepheshe bokucubungula be-gear shaft emishinini yokwakha ngokwendlela yalo yokusebenza, futhi liphakamisa umklamo wokuthuthukisa ohambisanayo, ohlinzeka ngokusekelwa okuqinile kobuchwepheshe bokuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula be-gear shaft yobunjiniyela.

Ukuhlaziywa kobuchwepheshe bokucubungulaUmgodi WegiyaeMishini Yokwakha

Ukuze kube lula ocwaningweni, leli phepha likhetha i-input gear shaft yakudala emishinini yokwakha, okungukuthi, izingxenye ze-step shaft ezijwayelekile, ezakhiwe ngama-spline, izindawo ezizungezile, izindawo ze-arc, amahlombe, ama-groove, ama-ring groove, amagiya nezinye izinhlobo ezahlukene. Ukwakheka kobuso be-geometric kanye ne-geometric entity. Izidingo zokunemba zama-gear shaft ngokuvamile ziphakeme kakhulu, futhi ubunzima bokucubungula bukhulu kakhulu, ngakho-ke ezinye izixhumanisi ezibalulekile enkambisweni yokucubungula kumele zikhethwe futhi zihlaziywe kahle, njengezinto zokwakha, ama-involute external splines, ama-benchmarks, ukucubungula iphrofayili yamazinyo, ukwelashwa kokushisa, njll. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi kanye nezindleko zokucubungula ze-gear shaft, izinqubo ezahlukahlukene ezibalulekile ekucutshungulweni kwe-gear shaft ziyahlaziywa ngezansi.

Ukukhethwa kwezintoumgodi wegiya

Ama-gear shaft emishinini yokudlulisa ngokuvamile enziwa ngensimbi engu-45 ngensimbi yekhabhoni esezingeni eliphezulu, engu-40Cr, engu-20CrMnTi ngensimbi ye-alloy, njll. Ngokuvamile, ihlangabezana nezidingo zamandla zento, futhi ukumelana nokuguguleka kuhle, futhi intengo iyafaneleka.

Ubuchwepheshe bokukhanda obuqinile umgodi wegiya

Ngenxa yezidingo zamandla aphezulu zomshini wegiya, ukusetshenziswa kwensimbi eyindilinga yomshini wokugaya ngqo kudla izinto eziningi kanye nomsebenzi, ngakho-ke imishini yokugaya ivame ukusetshenziswa njengezikhala, futhi imishini yokugaya yamahhala ingasetshenziswa kuma-shaft egiya anobukhulu obukhulu; Imishini yokugaya; ngezinye izikhathi amanye amagiya amancane angenziwa abe yisikhala esihlanganisiwe nomshini. Ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza okungenalutho, uma isikhala sokugaya singumshini wokugaya okhululekile, ukucubungula kwayo kufanele kulandele indinganiso ye-GB/T15826; uma isikhala singumshini wokugaya odayiwe, imvume yokusebenza kufanele ilandele indinganiso yesistimu ye-GB/T12362. Izikhala zokugaya kufanele zivimbele amaphutha okugaya njengezinhlamvu ezingalingani, imifantu, kanye nemifantu, futhi kufanele zihlolwe ngokuhambisana nezindinganiso zokuhlola zokugaya zikazwelonke ezifanele.

Ukwelashwa kokushisa kokuqala kanye nenqubo yokuguqula ama-blanks ngendlela engafanele

Izikhala ezinezingxenyana eziningi zamagiya ikakhulukazi ziyinsimbi yesakhiwo sekhabhoni esezingeni eliphezulu kanye nensimbi ye-alloy. Ukuze kwandiswe ubulukhuni bezinto futhi kube lula ukucubungula, ukwelashwa kokushisa kusebenzisa ukwelashwa kokushisa okuvamile, okungukuthi: inqubo yokulungisa, izinga lokushisa elingu-960 ℃, ukupholisa komoya, kanye nenani lobulukhuni lihlala lingu-HB170-207. Ukulungisa ukwelashwa kokushisa kungaba nomthelela wokuhlanza okusanhlamvu, isakhiwo sekristalu esifanayo, kanye nokususa ukucindezeleka kokulungisa, okubeka isisekelo sokwelashwa kokushisa okulandelayo.

Inhloso eyinhloko yokujika ngokujikijela ukusika isabelo somshini ebusweni besikhala esingenalutho, futhi ukulandelana komshini ebusweni obuyinhloko kuncike ekukhethweni kwereferensi yokubeka izingxenye. Izici zezingxenye zomshini wegiya ngokwazo kanye nezidingo zokunemba kwendawo ngayinye zithinteka yireferensi yokubeka. Izingxenye zomshini wegiya zivame ukusebenzisa i-axis njengereferensi yokubeka, ukuze ireferensi ihlanganiswe futhi ihambisane nereferensi yomklamo. Ekukhiqizweni kwangempela, indilinga yangaphandle isetshenziswa njengereferensi yokubeka okujikijela, izimbobo eziphezulu kuzo zombili iziphetho zomshini wegiya zisetshenziswa njengereferensi yokunemba kokubeka, futhi iphutha lilawulwa ngaphakathi kwe-1/3 kuya ku-1/5 yephutha lobukhulu.

Ngemva kokulungiswa kokushisa, indawo engenalutho iyaphendulwa noma igaywe kuzo zombili iziphetho (iqondaniswe nomugqa), bese kuba khona imigodi ephakathi kuzo zombili iziphetho, bese kubhalwa imigodi ephakathi kuzo zombili iziphetho, bese kubhalwa indilinga yangaphandle.

Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhanda Bokuqeda I-Outer Circle

Inqubo yokujika kahle imi kanje: indilinga engaphandle ijika kahle ngesisekelo sezimbobo eziphezulu kuzo zombili iziphetho zomgodi wegiya. Enqubweni yokukhiqiza yangempela, imigoqo yegiya ikhiqizwa ngamaqoqo. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kokucubungula kanye nekhwalithi yokucubungula imigoqo yegiya, ukujika kwe-CNC kuvame ukusetshenziswa, ukuze ikhwalithi yokucubungula yazo zonke izinto zokusebenza ilawulwe ngohlelo, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuqinisekisiwe Ukusebenza kahle kokucubungula ngeqoqo.

Izingxenye eziqediwe zingacinywa futhi ziqiniswe ngokwendawo yokusebenza kanye nezidingo zobuchwepheshe zezingxenye, okungaba yisisekelo sokwelashwa okulandelayo kokucima ubuso kanye nokukhipha i-nitride ebusweni, futhi kuncishiswe ukuguquka kokuphathwa kobuso. Uma umklamo ungadingi ukwelashwa kokucima nokulungisa, ungangena ngqo enkambisweni yokushisa.

Ubuchwepheshe Bomshini Wezinyo Lomshini Wegiya kanye ne-Spline

Kuhlelo lokudlulisa imishini yokwakha, amagiya kanye nemigqa ye-spline yizinto ezibalulekile zokudlulisa amandla kanye ne-torque, futhi zidinga ukunemba okuphezulu. Amagiya avame ukusebenzisa ukunemba kwebanga lesi-7-9. Kumagiya anokunemba kwebanga lesi-9, womabili ama-gear hobbing cutters kanye nama-gear shaping cutters angahlangabezana nezidingo zamagiya, kodwa ukunemba komshini wama-gear hobbing cutters kuphakeme kakhulu kunokwakheka kwegiya, futhi kuyiqiniso nokusebenza kahle; Amagiya adinga ukunemba kwebanga lesi-8 angafakwa ama-hobbed noma aphucwe kuqala, bese ecutshungulwa ngamazinyo e-truss; kumagiya anokunemba okuphezulu kwebanga lesi-7, kufanele kusetshenziswe amasu ahlukene okucubungula ngokuya ngobukhulu be-batch. Uma kuyi-batch encane noma ingxenye eyodwa. Ukuze kukhiqizwe, ingacutshungulwa ngokuya nge-hobbing (grooving), bese kuba ngokushisa nokucima kokungeniswa okuvama kakhulu kanye nezinye izindlela zokwelapha ubuso, futhi ekugcineni ngenqubo yokugaya ukuze kufezwe izidingo zokunemba; uma kuyinqubo enkulu yokucubungula, kuqala i-hobbing, bese kuba ukushefa. , bese kuba ukufudumeza nokucima kokungeniswa okuvama kakhulu, bese ekugcineni kucinywa. Kumagiya anezidingo zokucima, kufanele acutshungulwe ezingeni eliphakeme kunezinga lokunemba komshini elidingwa yimidwebo.

Ama-spline e-gear shaft ngokuvamile anezinhlobo ezimbili: ama-spline angunxande kanye nama-spline e-involute. Kuma-spline anezidingo zokunemba okuphezulu, kusetshenziswa amazinyo okugoqa namazinyo okugaya. Njengamanje, ama-spline e-involute yiwona asetshenziswa kakhulu emkhakheni wemishini yokwakha, ene-engeli yokucindezela engu-30°. Kodwa-ke, ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula ama-spline e-gear shaft amakhulu buyanzima futhi budinga umshini wokugaya okhethekile wokucubungula; ukucubungula okuncane kungasebenzisa Ipuleti lokukhomba licutshungulwa uchwepheshe okhethekile onomshini wokugaya.

Ingxoxo ngobuchwepheshe bokuthuthwa kwe-Carburizing ebusweni bamazinyo noma ubuchwepheshe obubalulekile bokuqedwa kobuso

Ubuso bomgodi wegiya kanye nobuso bobubanzi bomgodi obalulekile ngokuvamile kudinga ukwelashwa kwendawo, kanti izindlela zokwelapha indawo zifaka phakathi ukwelashwa kwe-carburizing kanye nokucima indawo. Inhloso yokuqinisa indawo kanye nokwelashwa kwe-carburing ukwenza indawo yomgodi ibe nobunzima obukhulu kanye nokumelana nokuguguleka. Amandla, ukuqina kanye ne-plasticity, ngokuvamile amazinyo e-spline, imifantu, njll. akudingi ukwelashwa kwendawo, futhi kudinga ukucutshungulwa okwengeziwe, ngakho-ke faka upende ngaphambi kokucima i-carburing noma ukucima indawo, ngemva kokuqeda ukwelashwa kwendawo, thepha kancane bese wehla, ukwelashwa kokucima kufanele kunake ithonya lezinto ezifana nokushisa okulawulayo, isivinini sokupholisa, indawo yokupholisa, njll. Ngemva kokucima, hlola ukuthi igobile noma ikhubazekile. Uma ukuguqulwa kukhulu, kudinga ukucindezelwa bese kubekwa ukuze kuguqulwe futhi.

Ukuhlaziywa Kokugaya Imigodi Ephakathi Nezinye Izinqubo Ezibalulekile Zokuqeda Ubuso

Ngemva kokuba umgodi wegiya usulungisiwe, kuyadingeka ukugaya imigodi ephezulu kuzo zombili izinhlangothi, bese usebenzisa indawo engaphansi komhlaba njengereferensi encane yokugaya ezinye izindawo ezibalulekile zangaphandle kanye nobuso bokugcina. Ngokufanayo, usebenzisa imigodi ephezulu kuzo zombili izinhlangothi njengereferensi encane, qedela ukugaya izindawo ezibalulekile eduze komsele kuze kube yilapho izidingo zokudweba zihlangatshezwa.

Ukuhlaziywa Kwenqubo Yokuqeda Ubuso Bezinyo

Ukuqedwa kobuso bezinyo kuthatha nezimbobo eziphezulu kuzo zombili iziphetho njengereferensi yokuqedela, futhi kugaya ubuso bezinyo nezinye izingxenye kuze kube yilapho izidingo zokunemba zihlangatshezwa ekugcineni.

Ngokuvamile, indlela yokucubungula imiphini yegiya yemishini yokwakha yile: ukuvala, ukubopha, ukujwayeza, ukujika okuqinile, ukujika okuncane, ukugoba okuqinile, ukugoba okuncane, ukugaya, ukususa i-spline, ukucima noma ukugaya i-carburizing ebusweni, ukugaya imbobo ephakathi, ubuso obubalulekile bangaphandle kanye nokugaya ubuso obuphelele. Imikhiqizo yokugaya yendawo ebalulekile yangaphandle eduze komsele ojikayo iyahlolwa futhi ifakwa endaweni yokugcina.

Ngemva kokufingqwa kwendlela yokusebenza, indlela yamanje yenqubo kanye nezidingo zenqubo ze-gear shaft zinjengoba ziboniswe ngenhla, kodwa ngentuthuko yemboni yesimanje, izinqubo ezintsha kanye nobuchwepheshe obusha ziyaqhubeka nokuvela futhi zisebenza, futhi izinqubo ezindala zithuthukiswa futhi zisetshenziswa njalo. Ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula nabo bushintsha njalo.

Ekuphetheni

Ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula bomshafti wegiya bunethonya elikhulu kwikhwalithi yomshafti wegiya. Ukulungiswa kobuchwepheshe bomshafti wegiya ngamunye kunobudlelwano obubaluleke kakhulu nendawo yawo emkhiqizweni, umsebenzi wawo kanye nendawo yezingxenye zawo ezihlobene. Ngakho-ke, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yokucubungula yomshafti wegiya, ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula obuhle kakhulu budinga ukuthuthukiswa. Ngokusekelwe kokuhlangenwe nakho kwangempela kokukhiqiza, leli phepha lenza ukuhlaziywa okuqondile kobuchwepheshe bokucubungula bomshafti wegiya. Ngengxoxo eningiliziwe ngokukhethwa kwezinto zokucubungula, ukwelashwa kwendawo, ukwelashwa kokushisa kanye nobuchwepheshe bokucubungula ukusika bomshafti wegiya, lifingqa umkhuba wokukhiqiza ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yokucubungula kanye nokucubungula umshafti wegiya. Ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula obuhle kakhulu ngaphansi kwesimo sokusebenza kahle buhlinzeka ngokusekelwa okubalulekile kobuchwepheshe bokucubungula imishafti yegiya, futhi buhlinzeka nereferensi enhle yokucubungula eminye imikhiqizo efanayo.