Imishini Yokunciphisa Iphropeller
Igiya lokunciphisa i-propeller liyingxenye ebalulekile ezindizeni ezifakwe izinjini ze-piston noma izinjini ze-turboprop. Umsebenzi walo oyinhloko ukunciphisa isivinini esikhulu sokujikeleza kwenjini sibe yisivinini esiphansi esifanele ukushayela i-propeller kahle. Lokhu kunciphisa isivinini kuvumela i-propeller ukuthi iguqule amandla enjini abe ukusunduza kahle, kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kukaphethiloli futhi kuncishiswe umsindo.
Igiya lokunciphisa i-propeller linamagiya amaningana, okuhlanganisa igiya lokushayela elixhunywe ku-crankshaft yenjini kanye negiya eliqhutshwayo elixhunywe ku-propeller shaft. Lawa magiya ngokuvamile angamagiya ajikelezayo noma a-spur futhi aklanyelwe ukuhlanganisa kahle ukuze adlulise amandla ngempumelelo.
Ezindizeni ezisebenzisa i-piston, isilinganiso segiya lokunciphisa ngokuvamile singu-0.5 kuya ku-0.6, okusho ukuthi i-propeller ijikeleza cishe ngesigamu noma ngaphezulu kancane kwesigamu sejubane lenjini. Lokhu kunciphisa isivinini kuvumela i-propeller ukuthi isebenze kahle kakhulu, idale ukusunduza ngomsindo omncane nokudlidliza.
Ezindizeni ze-turboprop, igiya lokunciphisa lisetshenziselwa ukufanisa ukukhishwa kwesivinini esikhulu senjini ye-turbine yegesi nesivinini sokujikeleza esiphansi esidingwa yi-propeller. Leli giya lokunciphisa livumela izinjini ze-turboprop ukuthi zisebenze kahle kuzo zonke izinhlobo zesivinini, okwenza zifaneleke ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo zezindiza kanye nemisebenzi.
Sekukonke, igiya lokunciphisa i-propeller liyingxenye ebalulekile ezinhlelweni zokuqhuba izindiza, okuvumela izinjini ukuthi zisebenze kahle nangokuthula ngenkathi zinikeza amandla adingekayo ekundizeni.
Izinto Zokufika
Imishini yokufika iyingxenye ebalulekile yendiza evumela ukuthi isuke, ihlale phansi, futhi ithathe itekisi phansi. Yakhiwe ngamasondo, ama-strut, nezinye izindlela ezisekela isisindo sendiza futhi zinikeze ukuzinza ngesikhathi sokusebenza komhlaba. Imishini yokufika ngokuvamile iyakwazi ukuhoxiswa, okusho ukuthi ingaphakanyiswa ibe yi-fuselage yendiza ngesikhathi sokundiza ukuze kuncishiswe ukuhudula.
Uhlelo lwegiya lokufika luhlanganisa izingxenye eziningana ezibalulekile, ngayinye inomsebenzi othize:
Imishini Eyinhloko Yokufika: Imishini eyinhloko yokufika itholakala ngaphansi kwamaphiko futhi isekela ingxenye enkulu yesisindo sendiza. Yakhiwe isondo elilodwa noma ngaphezulu elinamathiselwe ezintanjeni eziwela phansi zisuka emaphikweni noma e-fuselage.
Imishini Yokufikela Ekhaleni: Imishini yokufikela ekhaleni itholakala ngaphansi kwempumulo yendiza futhi isekela ingaphambili lendiza uma iphansi. Ngokuvamile yakhiwa isondo elilodwa elixhunywe ku-strut eliwela phansi lisuka ku-fuselage yendiza.
Ama-Shock Absorber: Izinhlelo zegiya lokufika zivame ukufaka ama-shock absorber ukuze kuncishiswe umthelela wokufika nokushayeka ezindaweni ezimagebhugebhu. La ma-absorber asiza ekuvikeleni isakhiwo sendiza kanye nezingxenye zayo ekulimaleni.
Indlela Yokuhoxa: Indlela yokudonsa igiya lokufika ivumela igiya lokufika ukuthi liphakanyiswe lingene e-fuselage yendiza ngesikhathi sokundiza. Le ndlela ingafaka ama-hydraulic noma ama-electric ashukumisayo aphakamisa futhi ehlisa igiya lokufika.
Uhlelo Lokubhuleka: Igiya lokufika lifakwe amabhuleki avumela umshayeli wendiza ukuthi ehlise ijubane futhi amise indiza ngesikhathi sokufika nokuma. Uhlelo lokubhuleka lungafaka izingxenye ze-hydraulic noma ze-pneumatic ezifaka ingcindezi emasondweni ukuze zinciphise ijubane.
Indlela Yokuqondisa: Ezinye izindiza zinendlela yokuqondisa empumulweni yegiya lokufika elivumela umshayeli wendiza ukuthi aqondise indiza ngenkathi isemhlabathini. Le ndlela ivame ukuxhunywa kuma-pedal e-rudder endiza.
Sekukonke, igiya lokufika liyingxenye ebalulekile yomklamo wendiza, okuvumela ukuthi isebenze ngokuphepha nangokusebenza kahle phansi. Umklamo nokwakhiwa kwezinhlelo zegiya lokufika kuncike emithethweni namazinga aqinile ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kokusebenza kwendiza.
Amagiya Okudlulisa Indiza Enophephela Emhlane
Amagiya okudlulisa izindiza ezinophephela emhlane ayizingxenye ezibalulekile zesistimu yokudlulisa izindiza ezinophephela emhlane, anesibopho sokudlulisa amandla kusuka enjinini kuya ku-rotor eyinhloko kanye ne-rotor yomsila. La magiya adlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni izici zokundiza kwezindiza ezinophephela emhlane, njengokuphakamisa, ukusunduza, kanye nokuzinza. Nazi ezinye izici ezibalulekile zamagiya okudlulisa izindiza ezinophephela emhlane:
kubalulekile ekudluliseni amandla kusuka enjinini kuya ku-rotor eyinhloko. Izinhlobo zamagiya asetshenziswa ekudlulisweni kwezindiza ezinophephela emhlane zifaka:Amagiya e-BevelShintsha indlela yokudlulisela amandla amagiya e-Spur: Siza ukugcina isivinini se-rotor sihambisanayoAmagiya eplanethi: Vumela izilinganiso zamagiya ezilungisekayo, okuthuthukisa ukuzinza nokulawula ngesikhathi sokundiza
Ukudluliswa Okuyinhloko Kwe-Rotor: Amagiya okudlulisa i-rotor ayinhloko adlulisa amandla kusuka enjinini aye ku-rotor shaft eyinhloko, eqhuba ama-rotor blades ayinhloko. Lawa magiya aklanyelwe ukumelana nemithwalo ephezulu kanye nesivinini futhi kumele aklanywe ngokunembile ukuqinisekisa ukudluliswa kwamandla okubushelelezi nokuphumelelayo.
Ukudluliswa Kwe-Tail Rotor: Amagiya okudlulisa i-tail rotor adlulisela amandla kusuka enjinini kuya ku-tail rotor shaft, elawula ukuhamba kwe-helicopter noma ukunyakaza kwayo eceleni. Lawa magiya ngokuvamile mancane futhi alula kunegiya lokudlulisa i-rotor eliyinhloko kodwa kumele aqine futhi athembeke.
Ukunciphisa Amagiya: Amagiya okudlulisa indiza enophephela emhlane avame ukufaka izinhlelo zokunciphisa amagiya ukuze kufane nokukhishwa kwesivinini esikhulu senjini nesivinini esiphansi esidingwa ama-rotor amakhulu kanye nawangemuva. Lokhu kunciphisa isivinini kuvumela ama-rotor ukuthi asebenze kahle kakhulu futhi kunciphisa ingozi yokwehluleka kwemishini.
Izinto Ezinamandla Aphezulu: Amagiya okudlulisa i-helicopter ngokuvamile enziwa ngezinto eziqinile, njengensimbi eqinile noma i-titanium, ukuze amelane nemithwalo ephezulu kanye nokucindezeleka okuhlangatshezwana nakho ngesikhathi sokusebenza.
Uhlelo Lokugcoba: Amagiya okudlulisa indiza enophephela emhlane adinga uhlelo lokugcoba oluyinkimbinkimbi ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle nokunciphisa ukuguguleka. I-lubrication kumele ikwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu kanye nokucindezela futhi ihlinzeke ngesivikelo esanele ekungqubuzaneni nasekugqwaleni.
Ukugcinwa Nokuhlolwa: Amagiya okudlulisa indiza enophephela emhlane adinga ukulungiswa nokuhlolwa njalo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi asebenza kahle. Noma yiziphi izimpawu zokuguguleka noma umonakalo kumele zixazululwe ngokushesha ukuze kuvinjelwe ukwehluleka okungenzeka kwemishini.
Sekukonke, amagiya okudlulisa izindiza ezinophephela emhlane ayizingxenye ezibalulekile ezifaka isandla ekusebenzeni okuphephile nokusebenza kahle kwezindiza ezinophephela emhlane. Kumelwe aklanywe, akhiqizwe, futhi agcinwe ngezinga eliphezulu ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kokusebenza kwezindiza.
I-Turboprop Reduction Gear
Igiya lokunciphisa i-turboprop liyingxenye ebalulekile ezinjinini ze-turboprop, ezivame ukusetshenziswa ezindizeni ukuhlinzeka ngokuqhutshwa. Igiya lokunciphisa linesibopho sokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwesivinini esikhulu kwe-turbine yenjini kube yisivinini esiphansi esifanele ukushayela i-propeller kahle. Nazi ezinye izici ezibalulekile zamagiya okunciphisa i-turboprop:
Isilinganiso Sokunciphisa: Igiya lokunciphisa linciphisa ukujikeleza kwesivinini esikhulu se-turbine yenjini, okungadlula amashumi ezinkulungwane zokujikeleza ngomzuzu (RPM), kube yisivinini esiphansi esifanele i-propeller. Isilinganiso sokunciphisa ngokuvamile siphakathi kuka-10:1 no-20:1, okusho ukuthi i-propeller ijikeleza ngesivinini seshumi kuya kweshumi nambili se-turbine.
Uhlelo Lwegiya Leplanethi: Amagiya okunciphisa i-Turboprop avame ukusebenzisa uhlelo lwegiya leplanethi, oluqukethe igiya lelanga eliphakathi, amagiya eplanethi, kanye negiya eliyindandatho. Lolu hlelo luvumela ukunciphisa igiya okufushane nokuphumelelayo ngenkathi kusatshalaliswa umthwalo ngokulinganayo phakathi kwamagiya.
Umgodi Wokufaka Osheshayo: Igiya lokunciphisa lixhunywe kumgodi wokukhipha osheshayo we-turbine yenjini. Lo mgodi ujikeleza ngesivinini esiphezulu futhi kumele uklanywe ukuze umelane nokucindezeleka kanye namazinga okushisa akhiqizwa yi-turbine.
Ishafti Yokukhipha Esivinini Esiphansi: Ishafti yokukhipha yegiya lokunciphisa ixhunywe ku-propeller futhi ijikeleza ngesivinini esiphansi kuneshafti yokufaka. Le shafti idlulisela isivinini esincishisiwe kanye ne-torque ku-propeller, okuvumela ukuthi ikhiqize i-thrust.
Ama-Bearings kanye Nokugcoba: Amagiya okunciphisa i-Turboprop adinga ama-bearings asezingeni eliphezulu kanye nezinhlelo zokugcoba ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okubushelelezi nokuthembekile. Ama-bearings kumele akwazi ukumelana nesivinini esikhulu kanye nemithwalo, kanti uhlelo lokugcoba kumele lunikeze ukugcoba okwanele ukunciphisa ukungqubuzana nokuguguleka.
Ukusebenza Kahle Nokusebenza Kahle: Ukwakheka kwegiya lokunciphisa kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kahle kanye nokusebenza kahle kwenjini ye-turboprop. Igiya lokunciphisa eliklanywe kahle lingathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kukaphethiloli, linciphise umsindo nokudlidliza, futhi landise isikhathi sokuphila kwenjini kanye ne-propeller.
Sekukonke, igiya lokunciphisa i-turboprop liyingxenye ebalulekile yezinjini ze-turboprop, ezivumela ukuthi zisebenze kahle nangokuthembekile ngenkathi zinikeza amandla adingekayo okuqhutshwa kwendiza.
Imishini Yezolimo Eyengeziwe lapho iBelon Gears
