I-Propeller Reduction Gear
Igiya lokunciphisa uphephela liyingxenye ebalulekile endizeni efakwe izinjini zepiston noma izinjini ze-turboprop.Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukunciphisa ijubane eliphezulu lokuzungeza lenjini liye ejubaneni eliphansi elifanele ukushayela uphephela ngendlela efanele.Lokhu kwehliswa kwesivinini kuvumela uphephela ukuthi aguqule amandla enjini abe yi-thrust ngokuphumelelayo, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kukaphethiloli kanye nokunciphisa umsindo.
Igiya lokwehlisa uphephela linamagiya amaningana, okuhlanganisa negiya lokushayela elixhunywe ku-crankshaft yenjini kanye negiya elishayelwa elixhunywe ku-propeller shaft.Lawa magiya ajwayele ukuba yi-helical noma amagiya e-spur futhi aklanyelwe ukuhlangana kahle ukuze adlulisele amandla ngempumelelo.
Ezindizeni ezisebenza nge-piston, isilinganiso segiya lokunciphisa ngokuvamile sicishe sibe ngu-0.5 kuya ku-0.6, okusho ukuthi uphephela uzungeza cishe uhhafu noma ngaphezudlwana kwengxenye yejubane lenjini.Lokhu kwehliswa kwesivinini kuvumela uphephela ukuthi asebenze ngendlela efanele, ekhiqiza ukusunduza okunomsindo omncane nokudlidliza.
Ezindizeni ze-turboprop, igiya lokunciphisa lisetshenziselwa ukufanisa ukuphuma kwesivinini esikhulu senjini ye-turbine yegesi nesivinini esiphansi sokuzungeza esidingwa uphephela.Leli giya lokunciphisa livumela izinjini ze-turboprop ukuthi zisebenze kahle kulo lonke uhla olubanzi lwezivinini, okuzenza zifanelekele izinhlobo zezindiza ezihlukahlukene nemisebenzi.
Sekukonke, igiya lokunciphisa uphephela liyingxenye ebalulekile ezinhlelweni zokuqhuba indiza, okuvumela izinjini ukuthi zisebenze kahle kakhulu nangokuthula kuyilapho zinikeza ukugxila okudingekayo ekundizeni.
Igiya Lokwehla
Igiya lokumisa liyingxenye ebalulekile endizeni eyivumela ukuthi isuke, ihlale phansi futhi igibele itekisi phansi.Iqukethe amasondo, ama-struts, nezinye izindlela ezisekela isisindo sendiza futhi zinikeze ukuzinza ngesikhathi sokusebenza phansi.Igiya lokumisa livamise ukuhoxiswa, okusho ukuthi linganyuselwa ku-fuselage yendiza phakathi nendiza ukuze kuncishiswe ukudonsa.
Uhlelo lwegiya lokufika luhlanganisa izingxenye ezimbalwa ezibalulekile, ngasinye sisebenza umsebenzi othile:
Igiya Lokumisa Elikhulu: Igiya lokumisa eliyinhloko litholakala ngaphansi kwamaphiko futhi lisekela iningi lesisindo sendiza.Iqukethe isondo elilodwa noma amaningi axhunywe kuma-struts anwebeka phansi ukusuka ezimpikweni noma i-fuselage.
I-Nose Landing Gear: Igiya lokuhlala ekhaleni litholakala ngaphansi kwekhala lendiza futhi lisekela ingaphambili lendiza uma iphansi.Ngokuvamile iqukethe isondo elilodwa elixhunywe ku-strut enwebeka phansi ukusuka ku-fuselage yendiza.
Ama-Shock Absorbers: Amasistimu amagiya okuhlala ngokuvamile ahlanganisa izinto zokudonsa ukushaqeka ukuze kwehliswe umthelela wokufika kanye nokugibela amatekisi ezindaweni ezimbi.Lawa ma-absorber asiza ukuvikela ukwakheka nezingxenye zendiza ekulimaleni.
Indlela Yokuhoxisa: Indlela yokuhlehlisa igiya lokuhlala ivumela igiya lokuhlala ukuthi liphakanyiswe ku-fuselage yendiza ngesikhathi sokundiza.Lo mshini ungase uhlanganise ama-hydraulic noma ama-actuator kagesi aphakamisa futhi ehlise igiya lokumisa.
I-Braking System: Igiya lokumisa lifakwe amabhuleki avumela umshayeli wendiza ukuthi ehlise ijubane futhi amise indiza ngesikhathi ifika futhi igibela amatekisi.Isistimu yokubhuleka ingase ihlanganise ama-hydraulic noma ama-pneumatic components afaka ingcindezi emasondweni ukuze abambezele.
Indlela Yokuqondisa: Ezinye izindiza zinendlela yokuqondisa egiyeni lokuhlala ekhaleni elivumela umshayeli ukuba aqondise indiza ngenkathi iphansi.Lo mshini uvamise ukuxhunywa kumaphedali ephini lendiza
Sekukonke, igiya lokumisa liyingxenye ebalulekile yokwakheka kwendiza, eyivumela ukuthi isebenze ngokuphepha nangempumelelo phansi.Ukuklanywa nokwakhiwa kwamasistimu egiya lokuhlala kungaphansi kwemithetho eqinile namazinga okuqinisekisa ukuphepha kokusebenza kwendiza.
I-helicopter Transmission Gears
Amagiya okuhambisa indiza enophephela emhlane ayizingxenye ezibalulekile zesistimu yokuthutha yendiza enophephela emhlane, enomthwalo wemfanelo wokudlulisa amandla esuka enjinini iye kurotha omkhulu kanye nerotha yomsila.La magiya adlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni izici zokundiza zendiza enophephela emhlane, njengokuphakamisa, ukusunduza nokuzinza.Nazi ezinye izici ezibalulekile zamagiya okuhambisa indiza enophephela emhlane:
I-Main Rotor Transmission: Amagiya amakhulu okudlulisa ama-rotor adlulisa amandla ukusuka enjini ukuya ku-rotor shaft enkulu, eshayela ama-rotor blades amakhulu.Lawa magiya enzelwe ukuthi amelane nemithwalo ephezulu nesivinini futhi kufanele akhiwe ngendlela efanele ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukudluliswa kwamandla okushelelayo nokusebenza kahle.
I-Tail Rotor Transmission: Amagiya okuhambisa i-tail rotor adlulisa amandla ukusuka enjini ukuya ku-tail rotor shaft, elawula ukuzamula kwendiza enophephela emhlane noma ukunyakaza okubheke eceleni.Lawa magiya avamise ukuba mancane futhi abelula kunamagiya ama-rotor ayinhloko kodwa kufanele abe aqinile futhi athembekile.
Ukuncishiswa Kwegiya: Amagiya okuhambisa indiza enophephela emhlane ngokuvamile ahlanganisa amasistimu okunciphisa amagiya ukuze afanise ukuphuma kwenjini ngesivinini esiphezulu nesivinini esiphansi esidingwa ama-rotor amakhulu nomsila.Lokhu kuncipha kwesivinini kuvumela ama-rotor ukuthi asebenze ngokuphumelelayo futhi anciphise ingozi yokuhluleka kwemishini.
Izinto Ezinamandla Aphezulu: Amagiya okuhambisa indiza enophephela emhlane ngokuvamile enziwa ngezinto eziqinile, njengensimbi eqinile noma i-titanium, ukuze amelane nemithwalo ephezulu kanye nokucindezeleka okuhlangatshezwane nakho phakathi nokusebenza.
Uhlelo Lokugcobisa: Amagiya okuhambisa indiza enophephela emhlane adinga uhlelo lokuthambisa oluyinkimbinkimbi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle nokunciphisa ukuguga.I-lubricant kumele ikwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu kanye nezingcindezi futhi inikeze isivikelo esanele ekungqubuzaneni nokugqwala.
Ukunakekela Nokuhlola: Amagiya okuhambisa indiza enophephela emhlane adinga ukunakekelwa njalo nokuhlolwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi asebenza ngendlela efanele.Noma yiziphi izimpawu zokuguga noma zokulimala kufanele kubhekwane nazo ngokushesha ukuze kuvinjelwe ukwehluleka okungenzeka kwemishini.
Sekukonke, amagiya okuhambisa indiza enophephela emhlane ayizingxenye ezibalulekile ezifaka isandla ekusebenzeni okuphephile nangempumelelo kwezindiza ezinophephela emhlane.Kufanele aklanywe, akhiqizwe, futhi agcinwe emazingeni aphezulu kakhulu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kokusebenza kwendiza.
I-Turboprop Reduction Gear
Igiya lokunciphisa i-turboprop liyingxenye ebalulekile ezinjinini ze-turboprop, ezivame ukusetshenziswa ezindizeni ukuze zinikeze amandla.Igiya lokwehlisa linesibophezelo sokwehlisa ukuphuma kwesivinini esikhulu seturbine yenjini ukuya kwijubane eliphansi elifanele ukushayela uphephela kahle.Nazi ezinye izici ezibalulekile zamagiya okunciphisa i-turboprop:
I-Reduction Ratio: Igiya lokunciphisa linciphisa ukuzungezisa kwenjini yenjini enesivinini esikhulu, okungadlula amashumi ezinkulungwane zama-revolution ngomzuzu (RPM), kuya ejubaneni eliphansi elifanele uphephela.Isilinganiso sokunciphisa ngokuvamile siphakathi kuka-10:1 kanye no-20:1, okusho ukuthi uphephela uzungeza endaweni yeshumi ukuya kwengamashumi amabili esivinini se-turbine.
I-Planetary Gear System: Amagiya okunciphisa i-Turboprop ngokuvamile asebenzisa isistimu yegiya leplanethi, equkethe igiya lelanga elimaphakathi, amagiya eplanethi, negiya lendandatho.Lolu hlelo luvumela ukuncishiswa kwegiya elihlangene futhi elisebenza kahle ngenkathi ukusabalalisa umthwalo ngokulinganayo phakathi kwamagiya.
I-High-Speed Input Shaft: Igiya lokwehlisa lixhunywe kushafti ephumayo enesivinini esiphezulu se-turbine yenjini.Le shaft izungeza ngesivinini esikhulu futhi kufanele yakhelwe ukumelana nezingcindezi namazinga okushisa akhiqizwa i-turbine.
I-Low-Speed Output Shaft: I-shaft ephumayo yegiya lokunciphisa ixhunywe ku-propeller futhi izungeza ngesivinini esiphansi kune-shaft yokufaka.Le shaft idlulisela isivinini esincishisiwe kanye ne-torque ku-propeller, ukuyivumela ukuthi ikhiqize i-thrust.
Ama-Bearings and Lubrication: Amagiya okunciphisa i-Turboprop adinga ama-bearings asezingeni eliphezulu kanye nezinhlelo zokugcoba ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle nokuthembekile.Ama-bearings kumele akwazi ukumelana nesivinini esikhulu kanye nemithwalo, kuyilapho isistimu yokugcoba kufanele inikeze ukuthambisa okwanele ukunciphisa ukungqubuzana nokuguga.
Ukusebenza kahle kanye nokusebenza kahle: Idizayini yegiya lokunciphisa ibalulekile ekusebenzeni kahle kanye nokusebenza kwenjini ye-turboprop.Igiya lokwehlisa eliklanywe kahle lingathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kukaphethiloli, linciphise umsindo nokudlidliza, futhi likhulise ukuphila kwenjini nophephela.
Sekukonke, igiya lokunciphisa i-turboprop liyingxenye ebalulekile yezinjini ze-turboprop, ezivumela ukuthi zisebenze kahle nangokwethembeka kuyilapho zinikeza amandla adingekayo okuqhuba indiza.
Ezinye Izinsiza Zokulima lapho Belon Gears
