Izingxenye eziningi zeamagiya amasha okunciphisa amandlafuthiamagiya ezimotoiphrojekthi idinga ukuchama ngemuva kokugaya igiya, okuzolimaza ikhwalithi yendawo yamazinyo, futhi kuthinte nokusebenza kwe-NVH kohlelo. Leli phepha lihlola ubulukhuni bezinyo bezimo ezihlukene zenqubo yokuchama kanye nezingxenye ezihlukene ngaphambi nangemuva kokuchama. Imiphumela ibonisa ukuthi ukuchama okudutshulwa kuzokwandisa ubulukhuni bezinyo, okuthinteka yizici zezingxenye, imingcele yenqubo yokuvula isibhamu kanye nezinye izici; Ngaphansi kwezimo ezikhona zenqubo yokukhiqiza inqwaba, ubukhulu bezinyo obuqinile ngemva kokuchama buphindwe izikhathi ezingu-3.1 kunangaphambi kokudutshulwa. Kuxoxiswana ngomthelela wokuba lukhuni kwendawo yezinyo ekusebenzeni kwe-NVH, futhi kuhlongozwa izinyathelo zokuthuthukisa ubulukhuni ngemva kokuchama isibhamu.

Ngaphansi kwesizinda esingenhla, leli phepha lixoxa ngezici ezintathu ezilandelayo:

Umthelela wamapharamitha wenqubo yokuchama endaweni yezinyo eliqinile;

Idigri yokukhulisa isibhamu sokuchama ekuqineni kwezinyo ngaphansi kwezimo ezikhona zenqubo yokukhiqiza inqwaba;

Umthelela wokukhula kwezinyo eliqinile ekusebenzeni kwe-NVH kanye nezinyathelo zokuthuthukisa ubumahhadlahhadla ngemva kokuchama kwesibhamu.

I-shot peening isho inqubo lapho ama-projectiles amaningi amancane anobulukhuni obuphezulu nokunyakaza kwesivinini esikhulu ashaya khona ngaphezulu kwezingxenye. Ngaphansi komthelela wesivinini esikhulu se-projectile, ubuso bengxenye buzokhiqiza imigodi kanye nokuguqulwa kwepulasitiki kuzokwenzeka. Izinhlangano ezizungeze imigodi zizomelana nalokhu kuguquguquka futhi zikhiqize ukucindezeleka okusalayo okucindezelayo. Ukugqagqana kwemigodi eminingi kuzokwakha isendlalelo sokucindezeleka esisalelayo esiyinsalela phezu kwengxenye, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukise amandla okukhathala kwengxenye. Ngokwendlela yokuthola isivinini esikhulu ngokudutshulwa, ukuchama kwesibhamu kuvame ukuhlukaniswa kube ukuchama komoya ocindezelwe kanye nokuchama kwe-centrifugal, njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 1.

Ukuchama kwesibhamu somoya ocindezelwe kuthatha umoya ocindezelwe njengamandla okufafaza isibhamu esidubula; I-Centrifugal shot blasting isebenzisa injini ukushayela i-impeller ukuze ijikeleze ngesivinini esikhulu ukuphonsa isibhamu. Imingcele yenqubo eyinhloko yokuchama ihlanganisa amandla okugcwala, ukumboza kanye nezakhiwo ezimaphakathi zokuvula (impahla, usayizi, umumo, ubulukhuni). Amandla okugcwala ipharamitha ekhombisa amandla okuvula okudutshulwa, abonakaliswa ukuphakama kwe-arc (okungukuthi idigri yokugoba yesiqephu sokuhlola se-Almen ngemva kokuchama); Izinga lokumboza libhekisela esilinganisweni sendawo embozwe umgodi ngemva kokushona kokudubula endaweni ephelele yendawo yokudutshulwa; Imidiya yokuvula isibhamu evame ukusetshenziswa ihlanganisa i-steel wire cutting shot, cast steel shot, ceramic shot, glass shot, njll. Usayizi, umumo nobulukhuni bemidiya yokuvula isibhamu ngamamaki ahlukene. Izidingo zenqubo evamile yezingxenye zeshaft yegiya zikhonjiswe kuThebula 1.

Ingxenye yokuhlola igiya le-shaft eliphakathi nendawo elingu-1/6 lephrojekthi ye-hybrid. Isakhiwo segiya siboniswa kuMfanekiso 2. Ngemva kokugaya, i-microstructure yendawo yezinyo iyiBanga lesi-2, ukuqina kwendawo kungu-710HV30, futhi ukujula kongqimba oluqinile olusebenzayo kungu-0.65mm, konke kungaphakathi kwezidingo zobuchwepheshe. Ubulukhuni bezinyo ngaphambi kokuchama bukhonjiswe kuThebula lesi-3, futhi ukunemba kwephrofayili yezinyo kukhonjiswe kuThebula 4. Kuyabonakala ukuthi ubuhwaqane obungaphezulu bezinyo ngaphambi kokudutshulwa bubuhle, futhi ijika lephrofayili yezinyo libushelelezi.

Uhlelo lokuhlola namapharamitha wokuhlola

Umshini wokuchamela ocindezelwe emoyeni usetshenziswa esivivinyweni. Ngenxa yezimo zokuhlola, akunakwenzeka ukuqinisekisa umthelela wezakhiwo ezimaphakathi zokuvula (impahla, usayizi, ubulukhuni). Ngakho-ke, izici ze-shot peening medium azishintshile ekuhlolweni. Kuqinisekiswa kuphela umthelela wamandla okugcwala kanye nokumboza ebusweni bezinyo ngemuva kokuchama. Bheka Ithebula 2 ukuze uthole uhlelo lokuhlola. Inqubo ethile yokunquma yamapharamitha wokuhlola imi kanje: dweba ijika lokugcwala kwendawo (Umfanekiso 3) ngokuhlolwa kwekhuphoni le-Almen ukuze unqume indawo yokugcwala, ukuze ukhiye ukucindezela komoya okucindezelwe, ukugeleza kokudubula kwensimbi, ijubane lokuhamba lombhobho, ibanga lombhobho ukusuka ezingxenyeni ezithile. kanye neminye imingcele yemishini.

umphumela wokuhlolwa

Idatha yokuqina kwezinyo ngemuva kokuchama ikhonjisiwe kuThebula lesi-3, futhi ukunemba kwephrofayili yezinyo kukhonjiswe kuThebula 4. Kuyabonakala ukuthi ngaphansi kwezimo zokuchama ezine, ubulukhuni bendawo yezinyo buyanda futhi ijika lephrofayili yezinyo liyajika futhi i-convex ngemuva kokuchama. Isilinganiso sobunzima ngemva kokufafaza ekuqineni ngaphambi kokufafaza sisetshenziswa ukuveza ukukhuliswa kobunzima (Ithebula 3). Kuyabonakala ukuthi ukukhuliswa kokuqina kuhlukile ngaphansi kwezimo ezine zenqubo.

Ukulandelela Iqoqo Lokukhuliswa Kobulukhuni Bezinyo Ngokuchaya Isibhamu

Imiphumela yokuhlolwa eSigabeni sesi-3 ibonisa ukuthi ubulukhuni bezinyo bukhuphuka ngamazinga ahlukene ngemva kokuchama ngezinqubo ezahlukene. Ukuze kuqondwe ngokugcwele ukukhuliswa kokuchama kokudubula phezu kokuqina kwezinyo futhi kwandiswe inani lamasampula, izinto ezi-5, izinhlobo ezi-5 nezingxenye ezingama-44 sezizonke, zikhethiwe ukuze kulandelelwe ubulukhuni ngaphambi nangemuva kokudutshulwa kokuchama ngaphansi kwezimo zokudubula kokukhiqizwa kwenqwaba. inqubo yokuchama. Bheka Ithebula lesi-5 ukuze uthole ulwazi oluphathekayo namakhemikhali nolwazi lwenqubo yokuchama yezingxenye ezilandelelwe ngemuva kokugaya amagiya. Idatha yokuqina nokukhulisa izinyo langaphambili nangemuva ngaphambi kokuchama ikhonjisiwe kumfanekiso 4. Umfanekiso 4 ubonisa ukuthi ububanzi bezinyo obumahwashana ngaphambi kokudutshulwa bungu-Rz1.6 μ m-Rz4.3 μ m; Ngemva kokuchama, ubulukhuni buyanda, futhi ububanzi bokusabalalisa bungu-Rz2.3 μ m-Rz6.7 μ m; Ubulukhuni obukhulu bungakhuliswa bube izikhathi ezingu-3.1 ngaphambi kokuchama kwesibhamu.

Izinto ezinomthelela wokuqina kwezinyo ngemuva kokuchama

Kungabonakala esimisweni sokuchama kwesibhamu ukuthi ubulukhuni obuphezulu kanye nokudubula okuhamba ngesivinini esiphezulu kushiya imigodi engabaleki engxenyeni, okuwumthombo wensalela yokucindezela okucindezelayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, le migodi ibophezelekile ukwandisa ukuhlukumeza kwendawo. Izici zezingxenye ngaphambi kokudutshulwa kokuchama kanye nemingcele yenqubo yokuvula isibhamu kuzothinta ukuhwalala ngemva kokuchama, njengoba kubhalwe kuThebula 6. Esigabeni sesi-3 saleli phepha, ngaphansi kwezimo ezine zenqubo, ubulukhuni bezinyo ngemva kokuchama kuyanda amazinga ahlukene. Kulokhu kuhlolwa, kukhona okuguquguqukayo okubili, okungukuthi, ubuhwaqaqe bangaphambi kokudutshulwa kanye namapharamitha okucubungula (amandla okugcwala kwendawo noma ukumbozwa), okungakwazi ukucacisa ngokunembile ubudlelwano phakathi kobunzima bokuchama kokudutshulwa kanye nesici ngasinye esinomthelela. Njengamanje, osolwazi abaningi benze ucwaningo ngalokhu, base bebeka phambili imodeli yokuqagela engokwetiyoriyo yobulukhuni bendawo ngemva kokuvula isibhamu okusekelwe ekufanisweni kwesici esilinganiselwe, esisetshenziselwa ukubikezela amanani ahambisanayo anobugwegwe ezinqubo ezihlukene zokuvula isibhamu.

Ngokusekelwe kokuhlangenwe nakho kwangempela kanye nocwaningo lwezinye izazi, izindlela zokuthonya zezici ezihlukahlukene zingacatshangwa njengoba kukhonjisiwe kuThebula 6. Kungabonakala ukuthi ukuqina ngemva kokudutshulwa kuthinteka ngokuphelele izici eziningi, okuyizici eziyinhloko. okuthinta ingcindezi esele yokucindezela. Ukuze kuncishiswe ubuhhadlahhadla ngemuva kokushona kokudubula endaweni yokuqinisekisa ukucindezelwa okusalayo, kudingeka inani elikhulu lokuhlolwa kwenqubo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ngokuqhubekayo inhlanganisela yepharamitha.

Umthelela wokuqina kwezinyo ebusweni ekusebenzeni kwe-NVH yohlelo

Izingxenye zamagiya zikuhlelo lokudlulisa oluguquguqukayo, futhi ubulukhuni bamazinyo buzophazamisa ukusebenza kwawo kwe-NVH. Imiphumela yokuhlola ibonisa ukuthi ngaphansi komthwalo ofanayo kanye nesivinini, uma kukhulu ukuhwashaza kwendawo, kukhulu ukudlidliza nomsindo wesistimu; Lapho umthwalo nesivinini kukhula, ukudlidliza nomsindo kuyanda ngokusobala.

Eminyakeni yamuva, amaphrojekthi okunciphisa amandla amasha akhule ngokushesha, futhi abonisa umkhuba wokuthuthukiswa wejubane eliphezulu kanye ne-torque enkulu. Njengamanje, i-torque enkulu yokunciphisa amandla ethu entsha yi-354N · m, futhi isivinini esiphezulu singu-16000r / min, esizokwenyuswa sibe ngaphezu kuka-20000r / min esikhathini esizayo. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo zokusebenza, umthelela wokwanda kokuqina kwezinyo ekusebenzeni kwe-NVH yohlelo kufanele kucatshangelwe.

Izinyathelo zokuthuthukisa ubulukhuni bezinyo ngemuva kokuchama

Inqubo yokuvula isibhamu ngemva kokugaya igiya ingathuthukisa amandla okukhathala othintana naye endaweni yezinyo legiya namandla okukhathala okugoba empande yezinyo. Uma le nqubo kufanele isetshenziswe ngenxa yezizathu zamandla enqubweni yokuklama igiya, ukuze kucatshangelwe ukusebenza kwe-NVH yohlelo, ubulukhuni bendawo yezinyo legiya ngemva kokuvula isibhamu kungathuthukiswa kusukela kulezi zici ezilandelayo:

a. Lungiselela imingcele yenqubo yokuvula isibhamu, futhi ulawule ukukhuliswa kokuqina kwezinyo ngemuva kokuchama kwesibhamu endaweni yokuqinisekisa ukucindezelwa okusalayo. Lokhu kudinga izivivinyo eziningi zenqubo, futhi ukuguquguquka kwenqubo akunamandla.

b. Inqubo yokuchama eyinhlanganisela yesibhamu iyamukelwa, okungukuthi, ngemva kokuba ukuchama okujwayelekile kwamandla sekuqediwe, okunye ukuchama kwesibhamu kuyengezwa. Amandla enqubo yokuvula isibhamu engeziwe ngokuvamile mancane. Uhlobo nosayizi wezinto zokudubula zingalungiswa, njengesibhamu se-ceramic, isibhamu sengilazi noma i-steel cut shot shot enosayizi omncane.

c. Ngemuva kokudutshulwa, izinqubo ezifana nokupholishwa kwendawo yezinyo nokucijwa kwamahhala kuyengezwa.

Kuleli phepha, ubulukhuni bezinyo obungaphezulu kwezimo zenqubo yokuchama ehlukene kanye nezingxenye ezihlukene ngaphambi nangemuva kokuchama kuyafundwa, futhi kufinyelelwa eziphethweni ezilandelayo ngokusekelwe ezincwadini:

◆ Shot peening kuzokwandisa izinyo ebusweni emangelengele, okuyinto ethintwa izici izingxenye ngaphambi shot peening, shot peening inqubo nemingcele kanye nezinye izici, futhi lezi zici futhi izici eziyinhloko ezithinta ukucindezeleka residual compressive;

◆ Ngaphansi kwezimo ezikhona zenqubo yokukhiqiza iziqephu, ubukhulu bezinyo obuphezulu obumangelengele ngemva kokuchama buphindwe izikhathi ezingu-3.1 kunangaphambi kokudutshulwa;

◆ Ukwanda kokuqina kwezinyo kuzokwandisa ukudlidliza nomsindo wohlelo. Lapho i-torque nesivinini esikhulu, ukwanda kokudlidliza nomsindo kusobala kakhulu;

◆ Ukuqina kwezinyo ngemuva kokuchama kungathuthukiswa ngokuthuthukisa imingcele yenqubo yokuvula isibhamu, ukuchama okuhlanganisiwe, ukungeza ukupholishwa noma ukucijwa kwamahhala ngemva kokuchama, njll. Ukwenziwa kahle kwamapharamitha wenqubo yokuvula isibhamu kulindeleke ukuthi kulawule ukukhuliswa kokuqina izikhathi ezingaba ngu-1.5.