Imishini Yokubhoboza Amagiya
Imishini yokumba embonini kawoyela negesi isebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamagiya ukwenza imisebenzi eyahlukene.Lawa magiya ayizingxenye ezibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kahle, ukunemba, kanye nokuphepha kwemisebenzi yokumba.Nazi ezinye zezinhlobo eziyinhloko zamagiya asetshenziswa emishinini yokumba:
- I-Rotary Table Gear:Amathebula ajikelezayo asetshenziswa emishinini yokubhoboza ukuze anikeze umnyakazo ojikelezayo odingekayo ukuze uvule intambo yokubhoboza kanye nebhithi yokubhola enamathiselwe.Le mishini yegiya ivumela ukuzungezisa okulawulwayo kwentambo yokubhoboza ukuze ingene endaweni yomhlaba.
- I-Top Drive Gear:Amadrayivu aphezulu ayindlela yesimanjemanje yamathebula e-rotary futhi ahlinzeka ngamandla ajikelezayo ngqo kuntambo yokubhoboza ukusuka phezulu.Amadrayivu aphezulu asebenzisa amagiya ukuze adlulise itorque nokunyakaza okuzungezayo ngokuphumelelayo ukusuka ezimotweni zomshini wokubhola ukuya entanjeni yokubhoboza.
- I-Drawworks Gear:Ama-Drawworks anomthwalo wemfanelo wokukhulisa nokwehlisa intambo yokubhoboza ingene futhi iphume emthonjeni.Basebenzisa uhlelo oluyinkimbinkimbi lwamagiya, okuhlanganisa amagiya omqhele, amagiya e-pinion, namagiya esigubhu, ukuze balawule ukusebenza kokuphakamisa ngokuphepha nangempumelelo.
- I-Mud Pump Gear:Amaphampu odaka asetshenziselwa ukuzungeza uketshezi lokumba (udaka) phansi kwentambo yokubhoboza bese lubuyela phezulu ngesikhathi sokumba.Lawa maphampu asebenzisa amagiya ukushayela ama-piston noma ama-rotor adala umfutho odingekayo ukuze ujikeleze udaka.
- I-Hoisting Gear:Ngokungeziwe emidwebeni yokudonsa, izinsimbi zokumba zingase zibe negiya elisizayo lokuphakamisa izinto ezisetshenziswayo ezisindayo kanye nezinto zokwakha phansi.Lolu hlelo lwamagiya luvamise ukufaka amawintshi, izigubhu, namagiya okulawula ukuhamba kwemithwalo ngokuphepha.
- I-Gearbox yokudlulisa:Eminye imishini yokumba, njengezinjini namajeneretha, ingase ibe nama-gearbox okudlulisela ukulawula isivinini nokuphuma kwe-torque.Lawa ma-gearbox aqinisekisa ukuthi izisetshenziswa zisebenza kahle futhi zithembekile ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukene zokulayisha.
- Shayela amagiya wezisetshenziswa ezisizayo:Izinsimbi zokumba zivame ukuba nezinto ezisizayo njengamaphampu, amajeneretha, nama-compressor, angase ahlanganise amagiya ahlukahlukene okudlulisa nokulawula amandla.
Lezi ezinye zezibonelo zamagiya asetshenziswa ekubhobolweni kwemishini embonini kawoyela negesi.Uhlobo ngalunye lwegiya ludlala indima ebalulekile enqubweni yokumba, kusukela ekunikezeni ukunyakaza okujikelezayo kuya ekuphakamiseni imithwalo esindayo kanye nokuzungeza uketshezi lokumba.Amasistimu amagiya asebenzayo futhi athembekile abalulekile ekuqinisekiseni impumelelo yokusebenza kokumba kuyilapho kugcinwa ukuphepha kanye nokunciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula.
Refinery Units Gears
Amayunithi okuhluza embonini kawoyela negesi asebenzisa amathuluzi nemishini eyahlukene ukucubungula uwoyela ongahluziwe ube yimikhiqizo ehlukene kaphethiloli.Nakuba amagiya engase angavezwa ngokugqamile kumayunithi okucwenga uma kuqhathaniswa nemishini yokumba, kusenezinhlelo zokusebenza ezimbalwa lapho amagiya ebalulekile.Nazi ezinye izibonelo zamagiya asetshenziswa kumayunithi okuhluza:
- Izisetshenziswa ezijikelezayo:Amayunithi okuhluza ngokuvamile asebenzisa okokusebenza okuhlukahlukene okuzungezayo njengamaphampu, ama-compressor, nama-turbines, adinga amagiya okudlulisa amandla nokulawula isivinini.Lawa magiya angafaka amagiya e-helical, spur, bevel, noma amaplanethi kuya ngohlelo oluthile kanye nezidingo.
- Amabhokisi ogiya:Ama-gearbox avame ukusetshenziswa kumayunithi okucwenga ukuze adlulise amandla futhi alungise isivinini sezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezizungezisayo.Bangase baqashwe kumaphampu, iziphephetha-moya, izifutha, neminye imishini ukuze kuhambisane nesivinini semishini nezimo zokusebenza ezifunwayo.
- Izisetshenziswa Zokuxuba:Amayunithi okucwenga angase asebenzise okokusebenza okuxutshwayo okunjengama-agitator noma izixube ezinqubweni ezinjengokuhlanganisa noma i-emulsification.Amagiya avame ukusetshenziselwa ukushayela izindwani zokuxuba noma ama-shafts, ukuqinisekisa ukuxubana okuphumelelayo kanye ne-homogenization yoketshezi noma izinto ezicutshungulwayo.
- Ama-Conveyor nama-Elevator:Amayunithi okuhluza angase asebenzise ama-conveyor namakheshi ukuthutha izinto ezisetshenziswayo phakathi kwamayunithi ahlukene okucubungula noma izigaba.Amagiya ayizingxenye ezibalulekile zalezi zinhlelo, ezihlinzeka ngokudluliswa kwamandla ukuze zihambise izinto ngendlela efanele kumabhande okuthutha noma aziphakamise ziye kumazinga ahlukene.
- Ama-Actuator eValve:Amavalvu adlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni ukugeleza koketshezi ngaphakathi kwamayunithi okuhluza.Ama-actuator kagesi, womoya, noma owakhiwe ngamanzi avame ukusetshenziselwa ukwenza ama-valve asebenze ngokuzenzakalelayo, futhi lawa ma-actuator angase ahlanganise amagiya okuguqula amandla okufaka abe ukunyakaza kwamavalvu adingekayo.
- Ukupholisa Towers:Imibhoshongo yokupholisa ibalulekile ekukhipheni ukushisa ezinqubweni ezihlukahlukene zokuhluza.Amafeni asetshenziswa emibhoshongweni yokupholisa angase ashayelwe amagiya ukuze alawule isivinini sabalandeli nokugeleza komoya, okuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokupholisa kombhoshongo.
Nakuba amagiya engase angabonakali ngokugqamile kumayunithi okucwenga njengakumshini wokumba, aseyizingxenye ezibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kahle nokuthembekile kwezinqubo ezihlukahlukene ngaphakathi kwendawo yokucwenga.Ukukhetha okufanele, ukunakekelwa, kanye nokugcotshwa kwamagiya kubalulekile ukuze kukhuliswe umkhiqizo wokuhluza nokunciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula.
Amapayipi amagiya
Emapayipini okuthutha uwoyela negesi, amagiya ngokwawo awavamile ukuqashwa ngokuqondile.Kodwa-ke, amathuluzi nezingxenye ezahlukahlukene ngaphakathi kwezinhlelo zamapayipi zingasebenzisa amagiya ukwenza imisebenzi ethile.Nazi izibonelo:
- Amabhokisi omshini wokupompa:Emapayipini, amaphampu asetshenziselwa ukugcina ukugeleza kukawoyela noma igesi amabanga amade.Lawa maphampu avame ukufaka ama-gearbox ukuze alawule isivinini kanye ne-torque yomphini ozungezayo wepompo.Ama-gearbox avumela amaphampu ukuthi asebenze kahle ngamanani okugeleza afiswayo, enqoba ukulahlekelwa okungqubuzanayo nokugcina ingcindezi eduze kwepayipi.
- Ama-Actuator eValve:Amavalvu ayizingxenye ezibalulekile kumapayipi okulawula ukuhamba kukawoyela noma igesi.Ama-Actuator, njengama-actuator kagesi, wepneumatic, noma ama-hydraulic, asetshenziselwa ukwenza ama-valve ngokuzenzakalelayo.Amanye ama-actuator angase asebenzise amagiya ukuze aguqule amandla okufaka abe ukunyakaza kwamavalvu adingekayo, aqinisekise ukulawula okunembile kokugeleza koketshezi epayipini.
- I-Compressor Gearboxes:Emapayipini egesi yemvelo, ama-compressor asetshenziselwa ukugcina izinga lokucindezela kanye nokugeleza.Amasistimu we-Compressor ngokuvamile ahlanganisa amabhokisi egiya ukuze adlulisele amandla asuka ku-prime mover (njengemoto kagesi noma i-turbine yegesi) aye ku-compressor rotor.Ama-gearbox anika amandla i-compressor ukuthi isebenze ngesivinini esifanelekile kanye ne-torque, akhulise ukusebenza kahle nokwethembeka.
- Izisetshenziswa zokulinganisa:Amapayipi angase ahlanganise iziteshi zokulinganisa ukukala izinga lokugeleza kanye nevolumu kawoyela noma igesi edlula epayipini.Ezinye izinto zokukala amamitha, njengamamitha ophephela noma amamitha egiya, zingasebenzisa amagiya njengengxenye yomshini wokulinganisa ukugeleza.
- Isisetshenziswa Sokuzingulube:Izingulube zepayipi zingamathuluzi asetshenziselwa ukunakekelwa okuhlukahlukene kanye nemisebenzi yokuhlola ngaphakathi kwamapayipi, njengokuhlanza, ukuhlola, nokuhlukanisa imikhiqizo ehlukene.Ezinye izinsimbi zokudoba zingase zisebenzise amagiya ukuze ziqhube noma zokulawula, okuvumela ingulube ukuthi ihambe epayipini ngendlela efanele.
Yize amagiya ngokwawo engeke aqashwe ngokuqondile esakhiweni samapayipi, adlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni nasekugcinweni kwempahla kanye nezingxenye ngaphakathi kohlelo lwamapayipi.Ukukhetha okufanele, ukufakwa, nokugcinwa kahle kwezinto eziqhutshwa ngamagiya kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza ngokuphephile nangempumelelo kwamapayipi kawoyela negesi.
Amavalvu Okuphepha kanye Nezisetshenziswa Zemishini
Amavalvu okuphepha kanye nezinto zokusebenza ezilungiselelweni zezimboni, okuhlanganisa nalezo ezisetshenziswa embonini kawoyela negesi, zibalulekile ekugcineni izimo zokusebenza eziphephile nokuvimbela izingozi.Nakuba amagiya engase angaqashwa ngokuqondile ngaphakathi kwamavalvu okuphepha ngokwawo, izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezinto zokuphepha zingase zihlanganise amagiya noma izinto ezifana namagiya ukuze zisebenze.Nazi izibonelo:
- Ama-Actuator Amavavu Okusiza Ingcindezi:Ama-valve okunciphisa ingcindezi angamathuluzi okuphepha abalulekile asetshenziselwa ukuvimbela ukucindezela ngokweqile kumishini kanye nezinhlelo zamapayipi.Amanye ama-valve okusiza ukucindezela angase asebenzise ama-actuator ukuvula noma ukuvala ngokuzenzakalelayo i-valve ukuphendula izinguquko zokucindezela.Lawa ma-actuator angahlanganisa izinqubo zegiya zokuguqula ukunyakaza okulandelanayo kwe-actuator kube ukunyakaza okujikelezayo okudingekayo ukuze kusetshenziswe i-valve.
- Amasistimu wokuvala izimo eziphuthumayo:Amasistimu wokuvala shaqa izimo eziphuthumayo (ESD) aklanyelwe ukuvala ngokushesha amathuluzi nezinqubo esimweni esiphuthumayo, njengomlilo noma ukuvuza kwegesi.Amanye amasistimu e-ESD angase asebenzise amagiya noma amabhokisi ogiya njengengxenye yezindlela zawo zokulawula ukuze asebenze amavalvu noma amanye amathuluzi okuphepha ekuphenduleni isignali yesimo esiphuthumayo.
- Amasistimu wokuhlanganisa:Izinhlelo zokuxhumanisa zisetshenziselwa ukuvimbela izimo ezingaphephile ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi izenzo ezithile zingenziwa kuphela ngokulandelana okuthile noma ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile.Lawa masistimu angase ahlanganise amagiya noma izinto ezifana namagiya ukuze zilawule ukunyakaza kokuxhumanisa kwemishini, ukuvimbela ukusebenza okungagunyaziwe noma okungaphephile.
- Amadivayisi okuvikela ukulayisha ngokweqile:Amadivayisi okuvikela ukulayishwa ngokweqile asetshenziselwa ukuvimbela okokusebenza ukuthi kusebenze ngaphezu komthamo oklanyiwe, okunciphisa ubungozi bokulimala noma ukwehluleka.Ezinye izisetshenziswa zokuvikela ukulayisha ngokweqile zingasebenzisa amagiya noma amabhokisi ogiya ukuze kusebenze ama-clutch noma amabhuleki, kunqamule isistimu yokushayela lapho kutholwa imithwalo eyeqile.
- Amasistimu Okuthola Umlilo Negesi:Amasistimu okuthola umlilo negesi asetshenziselwa ukuqapha ukuba khona kwamagesi avuthayo noma intuthu ezindaweni zezimboni.Amanye amasistimu okubona angase asebenzise amagiya noma izinto ezishayelwa ngamagiya ukuze asebenzise ama-valve, ama-alamu, noma amanye amathuluzi okuphepha ukuphendula ezingozini ezitholiwe.
Nakuba amagiya engase angabi yikona okugxilwe kuwo amavalvu okuphepha nemishini, angadlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza okuthembekile nokusebenza ngempumelelo kwalezi zinhlelo zokuphepha.Ukuklanywa okufanele, ukufakwa, nokugcinwa kahle kwezinto zokuphepha eziqhutshwa ngamagiya kubalulekile ukuze kugcinwe indawo yokusebenza ephephile ezikhungweni zezimboni, okuhlanganisa nalezo ezisembonini kawoyela negesi.
I-Oil & Gas eyengeziwe lapho i-Belon Gears